Measurements of sound transmission through panels of locally resonant materials between impedance tubes

We present a method for the measurements of complex transmission coefficient through high transmission loss samples using three-sensors, two impedance tubes, monotonic wave excitation, and phase sensitive detection. Having demonstrated the effectiveness of the method on perforated plates measurements have been made on locally resonant sonic materials (LRSMs). The transmission losses of perforated plates are found to decrease with decreasing frequency down to 120 Hz, following the mass law. For the LRSM’s panels with the same area mass density but different compositions, the local resonance frequency (at which the transmission loss is maximum) is found to vary according to the predesigned value. Transmission losses as high as 96.5 dB at 630 Hz and 87 dB at 250 Hz can be measured with good accuracy, with corresponding phase spectra that match the theoretical prediction of LRSMs, confirming the reliability of the transmission data.     

Loss reduction of dielectric-coated metallic hollow waveguides for CO2 laser light transmission

A condition for reducing transmission loss of a dielectric-coated metallic hollow waveguide is shown theoretically when the inner metallic surface is not perfect. It is also shown that the transmission loss for CO₂ laser light is 10.6 μm wavelength is able to be estimated from an attenuation spectrum of a short waveguide. By fabricating a ZnSe coated Ag hollow waveguide of short length, we have shown that it has a lower loss than a Ge coated waveguide for CO₂ laser light.     

单模光纤弯曲损耗的测量与分析

从理论和实验两方面讨论了弯曲半径及工作波长对单模光纤弯曲损耗的影响，测量了1310nm和1550nm波长光作用下，弯曲损耗随弯曲半径的变化关系。结果表明：随着弯曲半径的增大，弯曲损耗系数呈下降趋势，并且伴有振荡现象出现；而且，在弯曲半径较大时，弯曲损耗变化平缓，1550nm波长较1310nm波长明显更易产生弯曲损耗，而小弯曲半径对应的弯曲损耗振荡剧烈，此时两种光波长对弯曲损耗的敏感程度交替变大。     

Penetration of electronic states from silicon substrate into silicon oxide

The depth profiling of O 1s energy loss in silicon oxide near the SiO₂/Si interface was performed using extremely small probing depth. As a result, the energy loss of O 1s photoelectrons with threshold energy of 3.5 eV was found. This value of 3.5 eV is much smaller than the SiO₂ bandgap of 9.0 eV, but quite close to direct interband transition at Γ point in energy band structure of silicon. This can be explained by considering the penetration of electronic states from silicon substrate into silicon oxide up to 0.6 nm from the interface. In addition, the penetrating depth is larger than the thickness of the compositional transition layer.     

Absolute calibration of flow calorimeters used for measuring differences in heat capacities. A chemical standard for temperatures between 325 and 600K

Two methods for the absolute calibration of flow calorimeters (used for measuring the differences in heat capacities of two fluids) have been investigated. In the recommended method of calibration, a change in the flow rate of the fluids is used to minic a change in the heat capacity of the fluid. In the other method of calibration, heat loss is measured using a fluid of known heat capacity, and it is assumed this heat loss is constant. This calibration method is not recommended because the heat loss is, in general, not constant. For some calorimeters the difference between the two methods of calibration is negligible, while for others erros as high as 40% are caused by choosing the wrong method. A detailed analysis of the heat losses in this kind of calorimetry shows why the two calibration methods give different results and leads to various methods of improving calorimeter construction and operation. Because chemical standardization is far more convenient for routine use, the recommended absolute calibration method has been used to establish 3.00 mol-kg^–1 aqueous NaCl as a chemical standard for temperatures between 325 and 600K at 17.7 MPa.     

可变产量的理性产出范围研究

本从机会成本损失最小化的角度出发，对可变立量的三个阶段的两种划分方法所确定的两种不同的理性产出范围进行了分析，分析结果表明。可变产量的理性产出范围应在最小边际成本所对应的产出量到边际成本与产品的预期价格相等所对应的产出量之间。     

射流式真空紫外辐照模拟设备及其应用

介绍了空间环境条件下真空紫外辐照 (VUV)的损伤效应 ,以及真空紫外辐照模拟的几种主要形式。着重讲述了射流式真空紫外辐照模拟设备的基本结构、工作原理、技术参数及特点 ,并利用该设备初步研究了几种空间材料的真空紫外辐照损伤效应。结果表明 ,VUV使EP和CF/EP产生了明显的质损 ,导致力学性能下降 ,纤维和基体表面受到明显破坏。VUV与温度交变对聚酰亚胺吸光涂层的力学性能有明显影响。     

Reactivity of ambient volatile organic compounds （VOCs） in summer of 2004 in Beijing

Ambient volatile organic compounds （VOCs） were sampled at six sites in Beijing in the summer of 2004 and analyzed by GCMS. The chemical reactivities of 73 quantified VOCs species were evaluated by OH loss rates （LOH） and ozone formation potentials （OFPs）. Top 15 reactive species, mainly alkenes and aromatics, were identified by these two methods, and accounted for more than 70% of total reactivity of VOCs. In urban areas, isoprene was the most reactive species in term of OH loss rate, contributing 11.4% to the LOH of VOCs. While toluene, accounting for 9.4% of OFPs, appeared to have a long-time role in the photochemical processes. Tongzhou site is obviously influenced by local chemical industry, but the other five sites showed typical urban features influenced mainly by vehicular emissions.     

Linex损失及PA样本下单边截断型分布族参数函数的EB估计

在Linex损失函数下,运用同分布PA样本密度函数的核估计方法,构造了一类单边截断型分布族参数函数的EB估计,并建立了它的收敛速度.在一定条件下,证明了这个收敛速度可充分接近1.